Kutentha Chithandizo

Kusamalira kutentha kwa zinthu zogwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza zinthu motsatira njira yodziwira momwe zinthu zilili ndi ukadaulo wokonza zitsulo kuti zizitha kutentha ndi kuziziritsa zitsulo kuti zisinthe mawonekedwe ake popanda kusintha mawonekedwe a chinthucho. Njirayi imaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kapena kuzizira, nthawi zambiri kutentha kwambiri, kuti zitheke, monga kuuma kapena kufewetsa chitsulo. Njira zina zodziwika bwino zochizira kutentha zimaphatikizapo kuuma, kulimbitsa, kutenthetsa ndi kuzimitsa. Ndipotu, mawu akuti kutentha amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha pa njira zomwe kutentha ndi kuziziritsa kumachitika pofuna kusintha zinthuzo mwadala. Komabe, kutentha ndi kuziziritsa nthawi zina kumachitika ngati njira zina zopangira monga kupanga kutentha kapena kuwotcherera.

Chogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri powonjezera mphamvu ya zinthu, kutentha kungagwiritsidwenso ntchito kusintha zolinga zina zopangira monga kukonza makina, kukonza mawonekedwe, komanso kubwezeretsa kusinthasintha kwa ntchito pambuyo pa ntchito yozizira. Chifukwa chake ndi njira yopangira yothandiza kwambiri, yomwe singathandize njira zina zopangira zokha, komanso ingalimbikitse magwiridwe antchito azinthu powonjezera mphamvu kapena makhalidwe ena abwino.

Mitundu inayi yoyambira ya njira zochizira kutentha yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku ano ndi Annealing, Normalizing, Hardening ndi Tempering.

Njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu njira iliyonse komanso momwe zimagwirizanirana ndi ogwira ntchito zachitsulo zaperekedwa pansipa:

Kawirikawiri, kuziziritsa ndi zosiyana ndi kuuma. Zitsulo zimaziritsidwa kuti zichepetse kupsinjika kwamkati, kuzifewetsa, kuzipangitsa kukhala zofewa, komanso kukonza kapangidwe kake ka tirigu. Kuziziritsa kumaphatikizapo kutentha chitsulo kutentha kwinakwake, kuchisunga kutentha kumeneko kwa nthawi yodziwika, kenako kuziziritsa chitsulo kutentha kwa chipinda. Njira yoziziritsira imadalira chitsulo ndi makhalidwe omwe mukufuna. Zitsulo zina zimaziritsidwa mu uvuni, pomwe zina zimatha kuziziritsidwa pozikwirira mu phulusa, laimu, kapena zinthu zina zotetezera kutentha.

Kuwotcherera kumapanga malo omwe ali ndi chitsulo chosungunuka pafupi ndi malo ena, omwe ali pa kutentha kwa chipinda. Pamene chowotcherera chikuzizira, kupsinjika kwamkati kumachitika limodzi ndi kusweka ndi malo olimba. Kuwotcherera kwenikweni kumatha kufooketsa chitsulocho. Kuwotcherera ndi njira imodzi yokha yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza mavutowa.

Mtundu wa mankhwala otentha omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zitsulo zachitsulo zokha, normalizing imasiyana ndi annealing chifukwa chitsulocho chimatenthedwa kufika kutentha kwakukulu, kenako chimachotsedwa mu uvuni kuti mpweya uzizire.

Cholinga chachikulu chosinthira zinthu kukhala zatsopano ndikuchotsa kupsinjika kwamkati komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kutentha, kuwotcherera, kuponyera, kupangira, kupanga, kapena kupangira. Ngati sikulamulidwa, kupsinjika kumatha kupangitsa kuti chitsulo chilephereke; chifukwa chake, musanaumitse chitsulocho, choyamba chiyenera kukonzedwa kuti chikhale chokhazikika kuti chipeze zotsatira zomwe mukufuna. Kawirikawiri, zitsulo zopanda mpweya wambiri sizifuna kukhazikika; komabe, ngati zakhazikika, sizimayambitsa zotsatirapo zoyipa. Nthawi zambiri, zoponyera zimayikidwa mu anneal, m'malo mokhazikika; komabe, zoponyera zina zimafuna kukhazikika.

Zitsulo zokhazikika zimakhala zolimba komanso zolimba kuposa zitsulo zokhazikika. Mu mkhalidwe wabwinobwino, chitsulo chimakhala cholimba kwambiri kuposa momwe chimakhalira ndi kapangidwe kake kalikonse. Zigawo zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi kugwedezeka ndi zomwe zimafuna kulimba kwambiri komanso kukana kupsinjika kwakunja nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokhazikika. Mu mkhalidwe wabwinobwino, kulemera kwa chitsulo kumakhudza liwiro la kuzizira ndi kapangidwe kake. Zidutswa zopyapyala zimazizira mwachangu ndipo zimakhala zolimba zikakhazikika kuposa zokhuthala.

Kulimbitsa chitsulo kumaphatikizapo kutentha chitsulocho kufika kutentha koyenera kenako kuchiziziritsa mwachangu pochiika mu mafuta, madzi amchere, kapena madzi. Zitsulo zambiri zimafuna kuziziritsidwa mwachangu (kuzimitsidwa) kuti ziume, komabe zingapo zimatha kuziziritsidwa ndi mpweya ndipo zotsatira zake ndi zomwezo. Ngakhale kuti kuuma kumawonjezera kuuma ndi mphamvu ya chitsulocho, kumapangitsa kuti chisakhale cholimba kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, chitsulocho chikakhala cholimba, chimakhala cholimba kwambiri. Kuti chichotse kuuma pang'ono, chitsulocho chiyenera kufewetsedwa chikauma.

Zitsulo zambiri zopanda chitsulo zimatha kuuma ndipo mphamvu zimatha kuwonjezeka potenthetsa bwino komanso kuziziritsa mwachangu. Pankhaniyi, njirayi imatchedwa kutentha, m'malo mouma.

Pambuyo pouma, chitsulo nthawi zambiri chimakhala cholimba kuposa momwe chimafunikira ndipo chimakhala chofooka kwambiri kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, kupsinjika kwamkati kwamphamvu kumakhazikitsidwa panthawi yozizira mwachangu kuchokera kutentha kouma. Kuti achepetse kupsinjika kwamkati ndikuchepetsa kuuma, chitsulocho chiyenera kufewetsedwa chikauma. Njira yofewetsera imaphatikizapo kutenthetsa chitsulocho kutentha kwinakwake (pansi pa kutentha kwake kouma), kuchisunga kutentha kumeneko kwa nthawi yodziwika, kenako kuchiziziritsa, nthawi zambiri kuyika mpweya. Kuuma komaliza, mphamvu, ndi kusinthasintha kumadalira kutentha komwe chitsulocho chimatenthetsera panthawi yofewetsera.

Choyamba, kufewetsa kumachitika kuti kuchepetse kufooka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuuma ndi kupanga zinthu zinazake mkati mwa chitsulocho. Kufewetsa nthawi zonse kumatsatira, osati kutsogolera, njira yolimba. Kupatula kuchepetsa kufooka, kufewetsa kumathandiza kufewetsa chitsulocho. Zimenezi n'zosapeŵeka, ndipo kuchuluka kwa kuuma komwe kumatayika kumadalira kutentha, komwe chitsulocho chimatenthedwa nako panthawi yofewetsa.

Kutenthetsa nthawi zonse kumachitika kutentha komwe kuli pansi pa mfundo yotsika ya chitsulo. Pachifukwa ichi, kutenthetsa kumasiyana ndi kutenthetsa, kusinthasintha, ndi kuuma, komwe kutentha kumakhala pamwamba pa mfundo yofunikira yapamwamba.

Kuyika kwa Precision Investment Casting ku Ningbo Investment Casting kumapereka njira zosiyanasiyana zochizira kutentha. Ndi bwenzi la akatswiri lochizira kutentha kwa nthawi yayitali, titha kupereka njira zotsatirazi zochizira kutentha ndi mtengo wotsika pansipa:

1. Kubwezeretsa zinthu m'malo oyenera: Kutenthetsa malo osungiramo zinthu zosungiramo ndalama kumawonjezera kutentha kapena kupitirira nthawi inayake, kuziziritsa mumlengalenga kuti minofu ya pearlitic ipezeke. Cholinga cha kubwezeretsa zinthu ndikukonza mphamvu za makina a chitsulo chotsika mpweya, kukonza luso lodulira, kukonza kukula kwa tirigu, kuchotsa zolakwika za minofu, ndikukonzekera kutentha kwina. Kusintha zinthu zosungiramo ndalama ndikoyenera kwambiri pakupanga zinthu zosungiramo ndalama za chitsulo cha kaboni ndi zinthu zokulirapo, zazikulu komanso zovuta zosungiramo ndalama zachitsulo cha alloy.

2. Kuphimba: Njira yotenthetsera kutentha yomwe imatenthetsa zinthu zoyikamo ndalama kutentha koyenera kwa kanthawi, ndikuziziritsa pang'onopang'ono. Kuyikamo ndalama kumagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kuchepetsa kuuma, kukonza pulasitiki kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri, ndikuchepetsa kupsinjika kwa zinthu zoyikamo ndalama.

3. Kulimbitsa thupi: Zimathandiza kuti zinthu zikhale zolimba, kukana ming'alu, kusinthasintha, komanso kulimba. Kudzera mu kutentha koyenera, timatha kuchepetsa msanga kufooka kwa zinthu zomwe zimayikidwa mu pulasitiki.

4. Kuzimitsa: Kuzimitsa moto ndi njira yoziziritsira zinthu zoyikamo ndalama mwachangu. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti pakhale kusintha kwa martensite. Mu zinthu zoyikamo zitsulo, izi nthawi zambiri zimapanga chitsulo cholimba, pomwe zinthu zoyikamo zitsulo zopanda zitsulo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofewa kuposa zachizolowezi. Kuti ziume mwa kuzimitsa moto, zinthu zoyikamo ndalama (nthawi zambiri chitsulo kapena chitsulo chopangidwa) ziyenera kutenthedwa pamwamba pa kutentha kofunikira kwambiri kenako nkuzizidwa mwachangu.

Chenjezo: Komabe, zinthu zambiri zopangidwa ndi zitsulo zopanda chitsulo, monga zitsulo zamkuwa, aluminiyamu, kapena nickel, ndi zinthu zina zopangidwa ndi zitsulo zokhala ndi alloy zambiri monga zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri za austenitic (304, 316), zimapangitsa kuti zinthuzi zisamafewe: zimafewa. Zinthu zopangidwa ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri za austenitic ziyenera kuzimitsidwa kuti zisawonongeke ndi dzimbiri, chifukwa zimagwira ntchito molimbika kwambiri.

5. Chithandizo cha Carburizing: Kuyika kaburini ndi njira yotsogolera chinthu cha kaboni pamwamba pa zinthu zomwe zayikidwa mu chitsulo. Kudzathandiza kwambiri kuuma kwa pamwamba ndi kukana kuwonongeka mwa kusintha kapangidwe ka kaboni m'zinthu, koma kudzakhalabe kolimba pang'ono mkati.

6. Kulimbitsa ndi Kulimbitsa: Njira yothanirana ndi kutentha kwa zinthu zotayidwa ndi kuziziritsa komanso kutentha kwambiri. Njira imeneyi yothanirana ndi kutentha nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza kuuma kwa pamwamba ndi mkati mwa zinthu zotayidwa ndi kulondola kwa zinthu zotayidwa. Makamaka pazinthu zomwe zimawonongeka.

7. Kulimbitsa Chikwama: Njira imeneyi imatchedwanso kuuma pamwamba, ndipo imaika zinthu zouma pamwamba pa zinthu zoyikamo ndalama, motero imapereka chitetezo chowonjezera.

Pamwambapa pali njira zazikulu zochizira kutentha zomwe zalembedwa pa kuyika ndalama. Kuchizira kutentha kumachitika makamaka malinga ndi momwe kuyika ndalama kumagwirira ntchito. Ngati simukudziwa bwino za kuchiza kutentha, chonde musazengereze kulankhulana nafe, mainjiniya athu adzakupatsani njira yoyenera ngati zinthu zanu zikufuna chithandizochi.

Lumikizanani nafe pa sales@nbinvestmentcasting.com Mukangofuna chithandizo chathu chotenthetsera.